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Lịch sử cứu của ngành Sinh Trắc Học Dấu vân Tay

– Năm 1684 Tiến sĩ Nehemiah Grew đã thuyết giảng một bài giảng chi tiết về các dấu vân tay tại trường Đại học Royal, nói về những dấu hiệu thú vị được tìm thấy trên đầu ngón tay của con người.

– Năm 1685, tác giả Marcello Malpighi đã cho ra đời cuốn sách đầu tiên với hình vẽ chi tiết về dấu vân tay.

-Năm 1788, J.C.A Mayer là người đầu tiên viết về những nguyên lý trong phân tích dấu vân tay. “ Mặc dù các dấu vân tay không bao giờ lặp lại y hệt nhau ở hai người, nhưng với một số người, dấu vân tay của họ có sự tương đồng nhiều hơn. Đối với một số người khác, sự khác nhau giữa các dấu vân tay rất đáng kể.”

-Năm 1823, Jonh E. Purkinje giáo sư giải phẫu học của trường Đại học Breslau đã đưa ra hệ thống phân loại dấu vân tay đầu tiên.

-Năm 1833, ông Charles Bell, nhà giải phẫu học và là tác giả của cuốn sách: Bàn tay: Cấu trúc và tài năng thiên phú ứng với những kết cấu vân tay thông dụng.

– Năm 1858, William Herschel, giám đốc hành chính của Anh, Bengal, Ấn Độ là người đầu tiên sử dụng dấu vân tay trong nhận diện con người về mặt hành chính.

– Năm 1880, Tiến sĩ Henry Faulds đã đề xuất sử dụng dấu vân tay để nhận diện tội phạm. Chính ông và Herschel trong một công trình nghiên cứu tên “ Nature” đã đề xuất việc sử dụng dấu vân tay như là một phương thức độc đáo để xác định bản chất của con người.

-Năm 1883, Mark Twain là nhà văn đầu tiên viết về nhận dạng dấu vân tay để kết án tội phạm trong cuốn Life on the Mississippi ( 1883).

– Năm 1892, Francis Galton, nhà nhân loại học, là em họ của Charles Darwin đã tìm ra phương pháp thực hành nhận diện dấu vân tay đầu tiên. Đưa ra được thuật những thuật ngữ cơ bản, bằng chứng khoa học về tính vĩnh cửu của dấu vân tay và có những nghiên cứu đầu tiên về vân tay của anh chị em sinh đôi. Ông chỉ ra rằng dấu vân tay của những cặp song sinh, anh chị em và di truyền dòng máu thì có sự tương đồng. Chính điều này đã làm cơ sở cho ngành Nhân học ra đời.

– Năm 1902, Harris Hawthorne Wilder đã thiết lập hệ thống cơ bản của môn hình thái học, di truyền học và nghiên cứu trên chủng loại lòng bàn tay và vân tay.

-Năm 1904, Inez Whipple đã có bài nghiên cứu nghiêm túc đầu tiên về dấu vân tay của các loài khác.

Đặc biệt, năm 1926, Tiến sĩ harold Cummins đã nghiên cứu ra rằng, dấu vân tay của con người được hình thành vào giai đoạn từ 13 đến 19 tuần tuổi của thai nhi và phát triển đồng thời với sự hoàn thiện cấu trúc của não bộ. Ông đã đề xuất sử dụng từ “ Dermatoglyphics” như một thuật ngữ cho chuyên ngành nghiên cứu dấu vân tay tại Hiệp hội Hình thái sinh lý học của Mỹ. Từ đó, Dermatoglyphics chính thức trở thành một ngành nghiên cứu riêng biệt.

  • Năm 1930, Hiệp Hội nghiên cứu Hình thái sinh lý học SSPP ( Society for the Physiological Patterns) đã bắt đầu công trình nghiên cứu 5 chủng loại dấu vân tay và những nét đặc trưng độc đáo của nó.
  • Năm 1958, Noel Jaquin đã nghiên cứu và phát hiện ra mỗi loại dấu vân tay sẽ tương ứng với một chủng loại tính cách đặc biệt.
  • Năm 1981, Giáo sư Roger W. Sperry và đồng sự đã được vinh danh giải thưởng Nobel trong ngành Y học vì những nghiên cứu về chức năng của não trái và não phải cũng như thuyết toàn não. Từ đó, những nghiên cứu về não bộ không ngừng phát triển. Công trình nghiên cứu này đã được áp dụng triệt để về nhiều lĩnh vực khác nhau, trong đó có lĩnh vực Sinh trắc vân tay.
  • Những năm 1985, Sinh trắc vân tay mới được đưa vào áp dụng trong lĩnh vực giáo dục. Tiến sĩ Chen Yi Mou người Đài loan, đã nghiên cứu Sinh trắc vân tay dựa trên thuyết Đa trí thông minh ( Multi Intelligence) của tiến sĩ Howard Gardner tại trường Đại học Harvard Mỹ.
  • Năm 1994, khoa học sinh trắc vân tay chính thức được đưa vào Châu Á bởi giáo sư Lin. Sinh trắc vân tay được ứng dụng vào việc học tập, nghiên cứu và tạo ra tiếng vang lớn tại Đài loan và một số nước châu Á.
  • Năm 2004, Công ty WellGen Enterprise Đài loan đã bắt đầu sử dụng kỹ thuật cao để lấy dấu vân tay. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên một cở sở dữ liệu khổng lồ lên đến hàng triệu người. Với kỹ thuật phân tích thông kê, công ty này đã giúp đưa Sinh trắc vân tay phát triển lên một tầm cao mới.
  • Cùng thời gian này, tại châu Á, mức độ quan tâm đặc biệt về khả năng nghiên cứu và ứng dụng của ngành Sinh trắc vân tay đã lan nhanh mạnh mẽ. Trung tâm IBMBS ( Trung tâm Sinh trắc học Xã hội và Hành vi ứng xử Quốc tế) đã xuất bản hơn 7.000 luận án về Sinh trắc vân tay.
  • Đến năm 2010, Sinh trắc vân tay mới được đưa vào Việt Nam.

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